Butyl Methacrylate

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P272, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (1 of 1075) of reports.

H226 (99.8%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H315 (99.8%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (99.7%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319 (94%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335 (99.7%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1075 reports by companies from 36 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 1075 reports by companies.

There are 35 notifications provided by 1074 of 1075 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

P261, P272, P280, P302+P352, P321, P333+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P271, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P319, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P321, P332+P317, P333+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H316: Causes mild skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P332+P317, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

INHALATION: Remove to fresh air, give oxygen or artificial respiration as required.

EYES: Flush with copious amounts of water for 15 min. and consult physician.

SKIN: Wash with soap and water.

INGESTION: Induce vomiting; call a physician. (USCG, 1999)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective.

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Butyl methacrylate, combustible liquid, N.O.S.,and n-butyl methacrylate, stabilized/

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Spill Handling: Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Ventilate area of spill or leak after clean-up is complete. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Options for disposal of waste or spilled material: large quantities can be returned to the manufacturer for recycle. Small quantities may be incinerated under controlled conditions in incinerators suitable for methacrylates. Combustion products include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water. The product must be disposed of as special waste in accordance with regulations for special waste.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner that results in no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose of, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance procedures to confirm the efficacy of the cleaning procedures should be implemented prior to the decontaminated protective clothing being returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing (including shoes/socks) should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

... Hazard is the generation of considerable exothermic heat in some of the reactions, so that high pressures & temp may develop. This danger ... should be borne in mind when designing plant. Awareness of the dangers and of good engineering design are essential to safety. Employees should be instructed about the necessity of cleansing the skin if it is contaminated by materials which are irritants or skin-absorbed. With careful design, however, and complete enclosure of those processes where toxic chemicals or intermediates occur, dangerous exposures can be avoided. /Acrylic acid & derivatives/

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep meterial out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Butyl methacrylate, combustible liquid, N.O.S.,and n-butyl methacrylate, stabilized/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for n-Butyl methacrylate (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from oxidants. Cool. Dry. Keep in the dark. Store only if stabilized. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Temp during storage must be kept low to minimize formation of peroxides and other oxidation products ... Storage temp below 30 °C are recommended for the polyfunctional methacrylates ... The methacrylate monomers should not be stored for longer than one year. Shorter storage times are recommended for the aminomethacrylates, ie, three months, and the polyfunctional methacrylates, ie, six months. Many of these cmpd are sensitive to UV light and should, therefore, be stored in the dark. The methacrylic esters may be stored in mild steel, stainless steel, or aluminum. /Methacrylic acid & derivatives/

Protect against physical damage. Before entering confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Outside or detached storage is preferred ... Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated area away from incompatible materials ..., light, and heat. Butyl methacrylate should be kept refrigerated and inhibited with 10 ppm hydroquinone monomethylether. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

30 [ppm]

36 [ppm]

220 [ppm]

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

Lachrymation. The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. If swallowed the substance may cause vomiting and could result in aspiration pneumonitis. Medical observation is indicated.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization.

Self-contained respirator; impervious gloves; chemical splash goggles (USCG, 1999)

Wear self contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. (USCG, 1999)

Suitable protective clothing and self-contained respiratory protective apparatus should be available for use of those who may have to rescue persons overcome by fumes. /Acrylic acid and derivatives/

Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective glove, boots and goggles. /Butyl methacrylate, combustible liquid, N.O.S.,and n-butyl methacrylate, stabilized/

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 50 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding).

AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Butyl, decyl, cetyl, eicosyl methacrylate appears as a colorless liquid with a mild odor. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. (USCG, 1999)

N-butyl methacrylate appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 130 °F. Less dense (7.5 lb / gal) than water and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make resins adhesives, and oil additives.

Large Crystals; CBI; Liquid

Colorless liquid with a faint odor of esters; [HSDB]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colorless liquid

Faint characteristic odor of esters

326.3 to 338.9 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

163 °C @760 [mm Hg]

less than -58 °F (NTP, 1992)

freezing point: less than -75 °C

126 °F (NTP, 1992)

126 °F (52 °C) (open cup)

50 °C c.c.

Insoluble (NTP, 1992)

Very soluble in ethyl ether, ethanol

In water, 800 mg/L at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 0.08 (very poor)

0.8975 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8936 g/cu cm at 20 °C

Liquid heat capacity: 0.460 BTU/lb-F at 70 °F; Liquid thermal conductivity: 1.048 BTU-in/hr-sq ft-F at 70 °F; Saturated vapor density: 0.00203 lb/cu ft at 70 °F

Relative density (water = 1): 0.9

0.8836 @ 20°C

4.9 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

4.8 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 4.9

1.8 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

2.12 [mmHg]

2.12 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 0.3

2.12 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = 2.88

2.26-3.01

562 °F (USCG, 1999)

When heated to decomp it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

3.116 cP at 70 °F

1.02 mm²/s at 24 °C

Violent polymerization can be caused by heat, moisture, oxidizers.

Methyl methacrylate, and in general the methacrylic esters, polymerize much less readily than the corresponding ordinary acrylates. Nonetheless, they are stabilized by adding hydroquinone or pyrogallol, particularly in the presence of metallic copper. /Methacrylates/

Index of refraction: 1.4240 at 20 °C/D

Insoluble in water.

Flammable. Sensitive to moisture. Insoluble in water.

Acrylates and Acrylic Acids

Polymerizable Compounds

Highly Flammable

Polymerizable

BUTYL, DECYL, CETYL, EICOSYL METHACRYLATE is a mixture of four esters of methacrylic acid. Reacts with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction with basic (caustic) solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Polymerization may occur when heated, exposed to light or mixed with peroxides. Polymerization can generate large quantities of heat. (USCG, 1999).

N-BUTYL METHACRYLATE reacts exothermically with acids. Reacts with oxidizing agents. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is generated with caustic solutions. Generates flammable hydrogen with alkali metals and hydrides. Polymerizes easily (NTP, 1992).

May accumulate static electrical charges and cause ignition of its vapors.

Based on available data, the CIR Expert Panel concluded that ... Butyl Methacrylate is safe as used in nail enhancement products when skin contact is avoided. Products containing these ingredients should be accompanied with directions to avoid skin contact, because of the sensitizing potential of Methacrylates.

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

Butyl methacrylate

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 133: (2024) Anthracene, 2-Bromopropane, Butyl Methacrylate, and Dimethyl Hydrogen Phosphite

2024 online

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

Sore throat. Cough. Shortness of breath.

Redness.

Watering of the eyes. Redness. Pain.

Cough. Sore throat. Abdominal cramps. Nausea.

Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin.

LC50 (rat) = 4,910 ppm/4h

LD50 Mouse oral 15,800 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse sc 2,600 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 16,000 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 22,600 mg/kg

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for n-Butyl methacrylate (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Some compounds, such as the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, or butyl methacrylates can produce inhibition of barium chloride-induced contraction of the isolated guinea pig ileum.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Esters and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Esters and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Esters and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... In 542 dermatitis patients given covered patch tests with 1% EMA or 1% nBMA in petrolatum, one individual responded to EMA and another to both EMA and nBMA ... No reactions were seen in 22 contact dermatitis patients given 24-hr covered patch tests with esters within the category at a concentration of 1% in petrolatum ... The contact dermatitis of many of the tested individuals was attributed to (meth)acrylate exposure ... The prevalence of positive clinical challenge responses /was reported/ in dental clinicians that had been referred with dermatitis and suspected of having allergy to (meth)acrylates as 1.2% (51/4221) for MMA, 0.7% (16/2323) for EMA and 0.3% (1/347) for BMA ... The prevalence in a similar, pre-selected clinical cohort /was reported/ as 0.8% (9/1161) for MMA and 0.3% (2/625) for EMA ... The prevalence of positive clinical challenge tests in patients referred with dermatitis with previous contact with (meth)acrylates was reported as 4.8% (17/352) for MMA, 4.4% (11/246) for EMA and 0.6% (2/331) for BMA ... Cross-reactivity with common acrylates (i.e. between methacrylates and acrylates) has not been observed ... and methacrylic acid, the common hydrolysis product for these methacrylate esters, is not a contact allergen ... /Short chain alkyl-methacrylate esters/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Short Term Exposure: Contact can irritate the eyes and skin. Inhalation can irritate the respiratory tract with coughing, wheezing, and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures can cause pulmonary edema, a medical emergency that can be delayed for several hours. This can cause death. Long Term Exposure: Butyl methacrylate may cause skin allergy.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Although there are notable exceptions to the rule, esters of organic acids are generally of low toxicity. Nonspecific irritative effects are commonly associated with the presence of a double bond in these esters which, if saturated, would be essentially harmless. Conjunctivitis and upper airway symptoms may occur and pulmonary edema is possible in case of massive over-exposure. These irritating unsaturated esters include the acrylates, methacrylates ... /Esters/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for n-Butyl methacrylate (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Guinea pigs could be strongly sensitized to methyl, ethyl, and n-butyl methacrylates in ethanol or olive oil by topical route, or in saline by intradermal route.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Methacrylic acid administered iv increased respiratory rate, decreased heart rate, and produced electrocardiogram changes in anesthetized dogs (breed and sex unknown). Methacrylic acid, methyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and hydroxyethyl methacrylates produced a biphasic response, an abrupt fall in blood pressure followed by a secondary rise. 2-ethylhexyl, isodecyl, lauryl, and tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylates produced only a hypotensive effect. Dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate produced only a hypertensive effect.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Twenty-one different acrylate, and methacrylate compounds, including butyl methacrylate, were scanned for their ability to induce contact sensitivity, using 5 different sensitization protocols. Contact reactions of varying intensities were produced to all the mono-, di-, and triacrylates tested. Methacrylates did not sensitize guinea pigs.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Whole body inhalation exposure of CDBR rats (sex not given) was conducted for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week at 310, 952, and 1891 ppm (OECD Guideline 412). All animals were necropsied at the end of the 4 week exposure period. Body weight, feed consumption, clinical signs, clinical chemistry, hematology, organ weight, and histopathologic evaluations were performed on all animals during this study. The only treatment related signs of toxicity observed were inactivity, lacrimation, eye squinting, and labored breathing. These signs were observed sporadically during exposure throughout the study in rats exposed to 952 or 1981 ppm n-BMA. Body weights and feed consumption were not affected by exposure to BMA. No deaths occurred at any concentration. At necropsy the only organ weight effect was a statistical increase in kidney weight to body weight ratio at 1981 ppm in males and females. However, the absolute kidney weights for this group were not statistically significantly increased. Therefore, in the absence of corresponding histologic effects, hematology, or clinical chemistry findings, this increase in relative kidney weight was judged as not being of toxicological significance. Macroscopic examination of the nasal cavaties of the male and female rats exposed to 1981 ppm had slight and localized bilateral degeneration of the olfactory epithelium lining of the dorsal meati. One male and one female rat exposed to 952 ppm had similar changes in the olfactory epithelium. Rats exposed to 310 ppm had no exposure related nasal cavity macroscopic changes. On the basis of the most sensitive indicator of toxicity, the histopathologic changes seen in the nasal cavaties, the LOEL was 952 ppm and the NOEL was 310 ppm.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for n-Butyl methacrylate (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50; Species: Oryzias latipes (Medaka); Conditions: semi-static; Concentration: 5.57 mg/L for 24 hr

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow); Conditions: flow-through; Concentration: 11 mg/L for 96 hr

LC50; Species: Carassius auratus (goldfish); Conditions: static; Concentration: 112 mg/L for 72 hr

EC50; Species: Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifer, age <2 hr); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.5; Concentration: 128 mg/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 640-193 mg/L); Effect: decreased reproduction, progeny counts/numbers />99.5% purity/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for n-Butyl methacrylate (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

n-Butyl methacrylate's production and use in dental technology, acrylic surface coatings, as a monomer for resins, solvent coatings, adhesives, oil additives, in emulsions for textiles, and in leather and paper finishing may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 2.12 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates n-butyl methacrylate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butyl methacrylate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone; the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 17 hours and 1 day, respectively. n-Butyl methacrylate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, n-butyl methacrylate is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 55. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.0X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. n-Butyl methacrylate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 88% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process. If released into water, n-butyl methacrylate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5.6 hours and 5.4 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 37 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important process based on estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 80 and 8 years at pHs 7 and 8, respectively. Occupational exposure to n-butyl methacrylate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butyl methacrylate is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butyl methacrylate via inhalation and dermal contact with consumer products containing n-butyl methacrylate. (SRC)

n-Butyl methacrylate's production and use in dental technology, acrylic surface coatings(1), as a monomer for resins, solvent coatings, adhesives, oil additives, in emulsions for textiles, and in leather and paper finishing(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 55(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-butyl methacrylate is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of n-butyl methacrylate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.0X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 2.12 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 800 mg/L(4). n-Butyl methacrylate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 88% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(5) indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

LC50; Species: Oryzias latipes (Medaka); Conditions: semi-static; Concentration: 5.57 mg/L for 24 hr

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow); Conditions: flow-through; Concentration: 11 mg/L for 96 hr

LC50; Species: Carassius auratus (goldfish); Conditions: static; Concentration: 112 mg/L for 72 hr

EC50; Species: Brachionus calyciflorus (Rotifer, age <2 hr); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.5; Concentration: 128 mg/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 640-193 mg/L); Effect: decreased reproduction, progeny counts/numbers />99.5% purity/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for n-Butyl methacrylate (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

n-Butyl methacrylate's production and use in dental technology, acrylic surface coatings, as a monomer for resins, solvent coatings, adhesives, oil additives, in emulsions for textiles, and in leather and paper finishing may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 2.12 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates n-butyl methacrylate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butyl methacrylate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone; the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 17 hours and 1 day, respectively. n-Butyl methacrylate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, n-butyl methacrylate is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 55. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.0X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. n-Butyl methacrylate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 88% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process. If released into water, n-butyl methacrylate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5.6 hours and 5.4 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 37 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important process based on estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 80 and 8 years at pHs 7 and 8, respectively. Occupational exposure to n-butyl methacrylate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butyl methacrylate is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butyl methacrylate via inhalation and dermal contact with consumer products containing n-butyl methacrylate. (SRC)

n-Butyl methacrylate's production and use in dental technology, acrylic surface coatings(1), as a monomer for resins, solvent coatings, adhesives, oil additives, in emulsions for textiles, and in leather and paper finishing(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 55(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-butyl methacrylate is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of n-butyl methacrylate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.0X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 2.12 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 800 mg/L(4). n-Butyl methacrylate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 88% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(5) indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 55(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-butyl methacrylate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.0X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.12 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 800 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5.6 hours and 5.4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 37(SRC), from its log Kow of 2.88(7) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC). Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important process(SRC) based on estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 80 and 8 years at pHs 7 and 8, respectively(9). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 88% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(10) indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-butyl methacrylate, which has a vapor pressure of 2.12 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butyl methacrylate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 17 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Vapor-phase n-butyl methacrylate is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1 day(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.1X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). n-Butyl methacrylate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: n-Butyl methacrylate reached 38% of its theoretical BOD after 28 days(1). n-butyl methacrylate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 88% of its Theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(2).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of n-butyl methacrylate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 17 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of n-butyl methacrylate with ozone has been estimated as 1.1X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1 day at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 2.7X10-3 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(3); this corresponds to half-lives of 80 and 8 years at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(3). n-Butyl methacrylate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 37 was calculated in fish for n-butyl methacrylate(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.88(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of n-butyl methacrylate can be estimated to be 55(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that n-butyl acrylate is expected to have high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for n-butyl methacrylate is estimated as 5.0X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.12 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 800 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that n-butyl methacrylate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 5.6 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 5.4 days(SRC). n-butyl acrylate's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of n-butyl methacrylate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

INDOOR: n-Butyl methacrylate has been identified as a volatile component of furniture surface coatings, concentration not specified(1).

n-Butyl methacrylate was identified as a volatile component of paint-coated steel plates heated to 350 °C, concentration ranging from 1 to 70 mg/cu m(1).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Report, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use for n-butyl methacrylate is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

Occupational exposure to n-butyl methacrylate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butyl methacrylate is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butyl methacrylate via inhalation and dermal contact with consumer products containing n-butyl methacrylate. (SRC)

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Options for disposal of waste or spilled material: large quantities can be returned to the manufacturer for recycle. Small quantities may be incinerated under controlled conditions in incinerators suitable for methacrylates. Combustion products include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water. The product must be disposed of as special waste in accordance with regulations for special waste.

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /n-Butyl methacrylate; n-Butyl methacrylate, stabilized/

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /n-Butyl methacrylate; n-Butyl methacrylate, stabilized/

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /n-Butyl methacrylate; n-Butyl methacrylate, stabilized/

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /n-Butyl methacrylate; n-Butyl methacrylate, stabilized/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for n-Butyl methacrylate (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2227 130P

UN 2227; n-Butyl methacrylate, stabilized[United Nations; Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations. Vol. I, 16th Revised Edition (2009). Available from, as of March 22, 2010: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/unrec/rev16/16files_e.html]

Hazard Class or Division: 3; n-Butyl methacrylate, stabilized[United Nations; Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations. Vol. I, 16th Revised Edition (2009). Available from, as of March 22, 2010: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/unrec/rev16/16files_e.html]

49 122 35; Butyl methacrylate (combustible liquid, nos)

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid

Symbol: Xi; R: 10-36/37/38-43; S: (2); Note: D

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: III