1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 4.4% (54 of 1234) of reports.

H226 (91.1%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H315 (75.8%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (21.1%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319 (75.8%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335 (73.7%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H411 (36.3%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1234 reports by companies from 39 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 54 of 1234 reports by companies.

There are 37 notifications provided by 1180 of 1234 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335 (100%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

The GHS information provided by 1 company from 1 notification to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P280, P318, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P271, P272, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P319, P321, P333+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used. (NTP, 1992)

Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam extinguishers. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users or potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. From a secure, explosion-proof location use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position ... The only respirators recommended for fire fighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that have full facepieces and are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilate area of spill or leak. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well ventilated area away from oxidizers. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire hazard or explosion hazard.

MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: If Tyvek-type disposable protective clothing is not worn during handling of this chemical, wear disposable Tyvek-type sleeves taped to your gloves.

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. Splash proof safety goggles should be worn while handling this chemical. Alternatively, a full face respirator, equipped as above, may be used to provide simultaneous eye and respiratory protection. (NTP, 1992)

Wear solvent-resistant gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin contact.

P-chlorobenzotrifluoride is a clear colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. (NTP, 1992)

Liquid; Other Solid; CBI

Liquid with a strong but not unpleasant odor; [Merck Index] Clear colorless liquid; [CAMEO]

Clear colorless liquid with an aromatic odor.

Water-white liquid

Strong though not unpleasant aromatic odor

277 to 280 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

139.3 °C

277-280 °F

-33 °F (NTP, 1992)

117 °F (NTP, 1992)

109 °F (43 °C) closed cup

less than 1 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

In water, 29 ppm at 25 °C

1.34 (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water; will sink

1.3340 g/cu cm at 25 °C

6.24 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

6.24 (Air = 1)

1 mmHg at 32 °F ; 5 mmHg at 76.5 °F (NTP, 1992)

7.63 [mmHg]

Specific gravity: 1.334 at 25 °C/4 °C; VP: 5.3 mm Hg at 20 °C

7.63 mm Hg at 25 °C

1 mmHg at 32 °F, 5 mmHg at 76.5 °F

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride/ and /fluorine/.

Index of refraction = 1.4431 at 30 °C/D

142.6 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI+; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID7024821]

Wt/gal: 11.28 lb at 15.5 °C

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 2.4X10-13 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C

13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum

Boiling point

Chemical shift

Heat of sublimation

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy

Optical coefficient

Quadrupole coupling

Refractive index

Spin-spin coupling constant

Vapor pressure

Other Classes -> Halogenated Monoaromatics

PFAS -> PFAS identified in REACH Regulation EC No. 1272/2008

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Fluorinated Organic Compounds

Aryl Halides

Highly Flammable

P-CHLOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE is sensitive to heat and light. This chemical reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials such as permanganates and dichromates. It is incompatible with strong bases. It is also incompatible with sodium dimethyl sulfonate. (NTP, 1992)

Incompatibilities: strong oxidizers, such as permanganates and dichromates.

Strongly exothermic reaction with sodium dimethylsulfinate.

4-Chlorobenzotrifluoride

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 125: (2020) Some Industrial Chemical Intermediates and Solvents

2020 online

p-Chloro-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene

TR-594: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of p-Chloro-a,a,a-trifluorotoluene (CASRN 98-56-6) in Sprague Dawley Rats (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) and B6C3F1/N Mice (Inhalation Studies) (2018 )

07/13/17

Some Evidence

Clear Evidence

Under the conditions of these 2-year inhalation studies, there was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of p-chloro-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene in male Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD rats based on increased incidences of C-cell adenoma in the thyroid gland (see summary of the Peer Review Panel comments and the public discussion on this Technical Report in Appendix M). The combined occurrences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma in the lung of male rats may have been related to treatment. There was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of p-chloro-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene in female Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD rats based on increased incidences of C-cell adenoma in the thyroid gland, increased incidences of benign pheochromocytoma in the adrenal medulla, increased incidences of adenocarcinoma in the uterus, and increased incidences of stromal polyp in the uterus. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of p-chloro-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene in male B6C3F1/N mice based on increased incidences of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma in the liver. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of p-chloro-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene in female B6C3F1/N mice based on increased incidences of hepatocellular adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatoblastoma in the liver. The combined incidences of adenoma or adenocarcinoma in the Harderian gland of female mice were also considered to be related to treatment.

Exposure to p-chloro-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene caused increased incidences of nonneoplastic lesions in the lung and liver of male and female rats and mice, in the nose of male rats, in the adrenal medulla and uterus of female rats, in the forestomach of male and female mice, and in the larynx in male mice. Exposure to p-chloro-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene caused increased severity of nonneoplastic lesions in the kidney of male rats.

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 3: Chemicals are not classifiable by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

3 x 10^-3 mg/kg-day

3 x 10^-2 mg/kg-day

3 x 10^-1 mg/m^3

3 mg/m^3

PDF Document

Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential

PPRTV Current

LC50 (rat) = 22,000 mg/m3

LD50 Rat oral 13 g/kg (13,000 mg/kg)

LC50 Rat inhalation 33 mg/L/4 hr

LD50 Mouse oral 11,500 mg/kg

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Short Term Exposure: Causes local irritation to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May cause irritation by any route of exposure.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ The application of alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD) as an alternative vehicle for water insoluble and volatile chemicals was investigated in toxicity studies of p-chloro-alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluorotoluene (CTFT). Groups of F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex were administered CTFT (97% pure) by gavage in either corn oil or alpha-CD aqueous formulations daily for 14 consecutive days. The dose levels used were 10 (mice only), 50, 400, and 1000 mg/kg for corn oil vehicle and 10, 50, and 400 mg/kg (maximum achievable dose at gavage volume of 5 ml/kg) for alpha-CD vehicle. With both vehicles CTFT and alpha 2u-globulin were found to accumulate in the male rat kidney after 14 days of exposure and a dose-related toxic nephropathy was observed at dose of 50 mg/kg or higher. The hepatocellular hypertrophy and cytoplasmic vacuolation of the adrenal cortex which appeared in dosed male and female rats were also found to be independent of vehicle. Clinical pathology findings suggested a mild anemia and cholestasis in rats. With both vehicles no tissue bioaccumulation of CTFT was found in male or female mice. Vehicle-independent hepatocellular hypertrophy and cholestasis were also observed in mice at doses of 400 and 1000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the alpha-CD vehicle does not affect the toxic responses of CTFT in both sexes of both species.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ The subchronic oral toxicity of 4-chloro-alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluorotoluene (CTT) was assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of six male and six female rats were treated daily for 28 days, by gavage, with doses of 0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg CTT/kg body weight using olive oil as a vehicle. No clinical signs were observed, other than salivation in the high-dose group in the last week. The males of this group showed a significant decrease in body-weight gain without a concurrent decrease in food consumption. In males, there were significant dose-dependent increases in blood cholesterol and triglycerides, suggestive of alterations in lipid metabolism. The females showed only a small dose-related increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase. Specific histological alterations were found in the males given 1000 mg/kg/day, namely hyaline droplet nephrosis, along with a significant increase in relative kidney weight, and an increase in lipid vacuoles in the adrenal cortex. Slight nephrosis was also observed in males given 100 mg/kg. Both male and female rats showed a significant increase in relative liver weight at a dose of 1000 mg CTT/kg. CTT appears to have a low subchronic oral toxicity. Neither pathological nor biochemical alterations were found at 10 mg/kg body weight/day and this can be defined as the no-observable-effect level (NOEL).

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical.[Available from: http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=98-56-6]

The ability of p-chlorobenzotrifluoride to induce morphological transformation was evaluated in Balb/3T3 mouse cells (Cell Transformation Assay). Based on preliminary toxicity determinations (exposure time = 72hrs), p-chlorobenzotrifluoride, was tested at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0nl/ml, resulting in a range of 80% to 50% relative survival. None of the applied concentrations resulted in the induction of any transformed foci, while the positive control (MCA) resulted in 38 transformed foci showing that the sensitivity of the assay was normal.

In a two-generation reproduction study, male and female Sprague Dawley rats (F0) (20/sex/group) were orally exposed to 4-(trifluoromethyl)chlorobenzene (TFCB) in corn oil vehicle by gavage at dosage levels of 0, 5, 15 or 45 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks prior to mating one-to-one with animals of the same group, and continuing through one reproduction period until F1 litters had been weaned. Randomly selected F1 pups (20/sex/group) were orally exposed to TFCB by gavage at the same concentration as their parents for 90 days and were then sacrificed. Significant differences between treated and control F0 rats were observed in the following: decreased and/or increased weight gain (high- and mid-dose animals). Significant differences between treated and control F1 rats were observed in the following: weight gain (increased for all treated male groups, decreased for high-dose females), decreased monocytes (females at low-dose), increased serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (mid-dose females), increased mean pups/litter (combined sexes of pups for low- and mid-dose groups, female pups of mid-dose group), increased percentage surviving pups and pup weights (all treated groups), decreased erythrocyte counts (low-dose females), decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (all treated male groups and high-dose females), increased mean corpuscular volume (high-dose females), and an increase in pathology of the lung including bronchopneumonia, adenomous hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltrates (all treated groups). No significant differences between treated and control F0 rats were observed in the following: mortalities, urinalysis, and dam weights. No significant differences between treated and control F1 rats were observed in the following: mortalities, clinical chemistry values, urinalysis, and absolute or relative organ weights.

Mutagenicity of biologic fluids was determined after administration of 50, 167, or 500 mg/kg parachlorobenzotrifluoride by oral gavage over a 2 day period to groups of 7 male CD-1 mice. After collection, neither urine pretreated with beta-glucuronidase, or untreated urine, was mutagenic towards Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98 or TA100.

Parachlorobenzotrifluoride was examined for mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, TA100 and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D4 with and without Aroclor induced rat liver S9 fraction metabolic activation. The test article did not cause a mutagenic effect in Salmonella tester strains, or gene conversion in Saccharomyces when administered at concentrations of 0.01, 0.10, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 ul/plate in the presence or absence of metabolic activation. Parachlorobenzotrifluoride was reported to be cytotoxic to Salmonella strains TA1535 and TA1537 at a concentration of 10 ul/plate.

For more TSCA Test Submissions (Complete) data for 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/Individuals who suffer from/ skin, liver, kidney, or chronic respiratory disease, will be at an increased risk if they are exposed to chlorobenzenes. /Chlorobenzenes/

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill sunfish); Conditions: static; Concentration: 5.6 mg/L for 96 hr

LC50; Species: /Oncorhynchus mykiss/ (Rainbow trout); Conditions: static; Concentration: 13.5 mg/L for 24 hr

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill sunfish); Conditions: static; Concentration: 5.6 mg/L for 96 hr

LC50; Species: /Oncorhynchus mykiss/ (Rainbow trout); Conditions: static; Concentration: 13.5 mg/L for 24 hr

2.20e+00

9.60e+00

3.30e-01

1.40e+00

6.50e-01

1.00e+02

2.30e-03

3.00e-03

3.00e-01

Volatile

2.90e+02

2.20e+02

9.60e+02

3.30e+01

1.40e+02

6.50e+01

1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene's production and use as an intermediate for dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides, and as a solvent and dielectric fluid may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 7.63 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 67 days. 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1600. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.5X10-2 atm-cu m/mole. 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. In an anaerobic screening test using digester sludge, 64% of the originally applied 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene was degraded in 59 days. If released into water, 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 110 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is produced or used. (SRC)

1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene's production and use as an intermediate for dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides(1), and as a solvent and dielectric fluid(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1600(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.5X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 7.63 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). In an anaerobic screening test using digester sludge, 64% of the originally applied 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene was degraded in 59 days(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1600(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.5X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 110(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 3.6(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). In an anaerobic screening test using digester sludge, 64% of the originally applied 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene was degraded in 59 days(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, which has a vapor pressure of 7.63 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 67 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.4X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

ANAEROBIC: In an anaerobic screening test with digester sludge, 64% of the 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene orginally applied was degraded in 59 days(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 2.4X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 67 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 110 was calculated in fish for 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 3.6(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene can be estimated to be 1600(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to have low mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is estimated as 3.5X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5 days(SRC). 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 7.63 mm Hg(3).

GROUND WATER: 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene was detected in ground water samples north of Vicenza, Italy at as high as 1 mg/L(1).

SURFACE WATER: 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene was qualitatively detected in water samples obtained in Love Canal, NY, 1980(1). It was qualitatively detected in Lake Ontario water samples(2).

1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene was qualitatively detected in sediment and soil samples obtained in Love Canal, NY 1980(1).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Report, the number of workers reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use for 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is 1-99 persons; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

Occupational exposure to 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene is produced or used. (SRC)

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Chlorobenzotrifluorides/

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Chlorobenzotrifluorides/

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Chlorobenzotrifluorides/

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Chlorobenzotrifluorides/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2234; Chlorobenzotrifluorides[United Nations; Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations. Vol. I, 16th Revised Edition (2009). Available from, as of November 22, 2010: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/unrec/rev16/16files_e.html]

Hazard Class or Division: 3.0; Chlorobenzotrifluorides[United Nations; Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations. Vol. I, 16th Revised Edition (2009). Available from, as of November 22, 2010: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/unrec/rev16/16files_e.html]

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid